Fabrication of Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) Nanoparticle Inks for Growth of CZTS Films for Solar Cells

Fabrication of Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) Nanoparticle Inks for Growth of CZTS Films for Solar Cells

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Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) is a promising candidate material for photovoltaic applications; hence, ecofriendly methods are required to fabricate CZTS films.In this work, we fabricated CZTS nanocrystal inks by a here wet ball milling method, with the use of only nontoxic solvents, followed by filtration.We performed centrifugation to screen the as-milled CZTS and obtain nanocrystals.The distribution of CZTS nanoparticles during centrifugation was examined and nanocrystal inks were obtained after the final centrifugal treatment.

The as-fabricated CZTS nanocrystal inks were used to deposit CZTS precursors with precisely controlled CZTS films by a spin-coating method followed by a rapid high pressure sulfur annealing method.Both the grain growth and crystallinity of the CZTS films were promoted and the composition was adjusted Neuw Rebel Skinny Eternal Black Jeans from S poor to S-rich by the annealing.XRD and Raman characterization showed no secondary phases in the annealed film, the absence of the detrimental phases.A solar cell efficiency of 6.

2% (open circuit voltage: Voc = 633.3 mV, short circuit current: Jsc = 17.6 mA/cm2, and fill factor: FF = 55.8%) with an area of 0.

2 cm2 was achieved based on the annealed CZTS film as the absorber layer.